Dental

Dental Fillings: What They Are and Why They Matter

Cavities don’t usually announce themselves. For many people, it starts with a little sensitivity to cold or sweets—easy to ignore at first. But that discomfort signals a process that, if left untreated, can damage the structure of a tooth. One of the simplest and most effective ways to stop that progression is with a dental filling.

A well-placed filling does more than patch a tooth. It strengthens it, prevents further decay, and helps preserve long-term oral health.

What Really Happens When a Cavity Forms

Cavities don’t appear overnight. They begin with plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that thrives on sugars. As the bacteria metabolize, they release acid that gradually erodes enamel—the hardest substance in the human body.

Once enamel is breached, decay spreads into the softer dentin. If it reaches the pulp, where nerves and blood vessels live, the result is severe pain and the potential need for more complex treatments like root canals or extractions.

Fillings stop this process. By removing decayed material and sealing the tooth, they prevent bacteria from re-entering and protect against more invasive (and costly) procedures.

Material Choice Isn’t Just Cosmetic

Traditionally, dentists used amalgam—a silver-colored mix of mercury, silver, and tin. Amalgam is strong and durable, making it ideal for back teeth that bear heavy chewing pressure. Its metallic color is noticeable, but it has decades of clinical success behind it.

Composite resin, by contrast, blends plastic and glass. It can be tinted to match natural enamel, making it virtually invisible in the mouth. Beyond aesthetics, composite bonds directly to the tooth, often allowing dentists to preserve more healthy structure. However, it requires meticulous technique and a moisture-free environment for best results.

Both materials have their place. At Spokane Dental, we consider tooth location, function, and the extent of decay when recommending the right option—always balancing patient preference with long-term durability.

What to Expect During the Appointment

A filling appointment typically begins with local anesthesia to numb the area. Once comfortable, the dentist removes the decayed portion of the tooth and prepares the space for restoration.

  • With amalgam: the material is packed tightly into the cavity and gradually hardens into a solid structure.
  • With composite: resin is applied in layers, each cured with a special light, then shaped and polished to blend seamlessly with surrounding enamel.

While the process may seem routine, it requires precise clinical judgment—how much tooth to remove, where to place strength-bearing surfaces, and how to ensure a lasting seal.

More Than Just a Filling

A filling isn’t just a quick fix. It restores function, preserves your bite, protects the nerve, and prevents decay from spreading further. When composite is used, it can also enhance your smile without more extensive treatments like veneers or crowns.

Still, fillings don’t last forever. Over time, they may wear, chip, or lose their seal. That’s why regular dental checkups are essential—not only to monitor natural teeth but also to evaluate existing restorations.

Good Maintenance Makes the Difference

The longevity of a filling depends as much on home care as on dental skill. To keep restorations strong:

  • Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
  • Floss regularly
  • Avoid habits like chewing ice or biting pens
  • Pay attention to early signs, such as sensitivity, which may indicate a problem with a filling

Catching issues early can save both time and expense.

Final Thoughts

Dental fillings may not be glamorous, but they’re foundational to modern dentistry. They allow dentists to repair rather than replace, preserve rather than extract. Whether made from metal or composite, a properly placed filling offers years of protection and performance.

Because every tooth and every patient is unique, thoughtful diagnosis and material selection are key to lasting results.

To schedule an appointment or learn more about your treatment options, call Spokane Dental at (509) 822-5614.